C#进程间数据共享的简单实现

通过内存共享(MemoryMappedFiles)实现进程间的数据共享与传递。

以下是代码辅助类

可以通过对数据的序列化来实现复杂数据的共享与传递

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.MemoryMappedFiles;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Utils
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 用于进程间通过内存共享数据
    /// </summary>
    public class MemoryShare
    {
        #region static 

        private static readonly object LockHelper = new object();
        private static volatile Dictionary<string,MemoryShare> _memoryMapNames = new Dictionary<string, MemoryShare>();

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用指定的<see cref="memoryMapName"/>创建或获取一个<see cref="MemoryShare"/>
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="memoryMapName">内存文件页名称</param>
        /// <param name="memoryCapacity">内存页容量大小（byte）</param>
        public static MemoryShare Create(string memoryMapName, long memoryCapacity = 1024)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(memoryMapName))
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(memoryMapName));
            }
            // ReSharper disable once InconsistentlySynchronizedField
            if (!_memoryMapNames.ContainsKey(memoryMapName))
            {
                lock (LockHelper)
                {
                    if (!_memoryMapNames.ContainsKey(memoryMapName))
                    {
                        var memoryShare = new MemoryShare(memoryMapName, memoryCapacity);
                        _memoryMapNames.Add(memoryMapName, memoryShare);
                    }
                }
            }
            // ReSharper disable once InconsistentlySynchronizedField
            return _memoryMapNames[memoryMapName];
        }

        #endregion

        #region private

        private readonly MemoryMappedFile _memoryMappedFile;
        private readonly Mutex _mutex;

        private MemoryShare(string memoryMapName, long memoryCapacity)
        {
            _memoryMappedFile = MemoryMappedFile.CreateOrOpen(memoryMapName, memoryCapacity, MemoryMappedFileAccess.ReadWrite);
            _mutex = new Mutex(false, $"{memoryMapName}_memoryshare_mutex", out bool mutexCreated);
        }

        #endregion

        #region public

        /// <summary>
        /// 将<see cref="value"/>写入共享内存中（将覆盖现有的）
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">要写入共享内存中的内容，为空不写入</param>
        public void Write(string value)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value))
            {
                return;
            }

            try
            {
                _mutex.WaitOne();
                using (MemoryMappedViewStream stream = _memoryMappedFile.CreateViewStream())
                {
                    using (var writer = new BinaryWriter(stream))
                    {
                        writer.Write(value);
                    }
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                _mutex.ReleaseMutex();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 读取共享内存中的内容
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string Read()
        {
            string result;

            try
            {
                _mutex.WaitOne();
                using (MemoryMappedViewStream stream = _memoryMappedFile.CreateViewStream())
                {
                    using (var reader = new BinaryReader(stream))
                    {
                        result = reader.ReadString();
                    }
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                _mutex.ReleaseMutex();
            }

            return result;
        }

        public void Clear()
        {
            try
            {
                _mutex.WaitOne();
                using (MemoryMappedViewStream stream = _memoryMappedFile.CreateViewStream())
                {
                    using (var writer = new BinaryWriter(stream))
                    {
                        writer.Write(string.Empty);
                    }
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                _mutex.ReleaseMutex();
            }
        }

        #endregion

    }

}

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参考资料

• C# .Net 多进程同步 通信 共享内存 内存映射文件 Memory Mapped (opens new window)